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Living with chronic venous disease
You can find all the necessary information to understand chronic venous disease (CVD), its global impact, its causes and consequences, and how to get chronic venous disease under control.

Final call : Check in before it’s too late

Once the symptoms of hemorrhoids or venous diseases arrive, they tend to stay with you everywhere you go.​ But the road out of the problem is clear, if you’re willing to follow the signs. ​

No more delays. It’s time to check in and make the doctor your destination for hemorrhoids and venous diseases.

Chronic Venous Disease

Heavy, painful legs?

painful legs cvd illustration
Legs that feel heavy, painful, and swollen can be a result of a buildup of fluid in the legs due to the blood not circulating as well as it should. This increased fluid leads to the symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), a condition affecting leg vein health that worsens over time.1

What is poor blood circulation?

Venous valve
Blood flow
Veins with normal reflux

Healthy veins

Healthy veins have small valves that prevent blood flowing backwards.
Venous valve
Blood flow
Veins with abnormal reflux

Unhealthy veins

When the internal walls of the veins are damaged, and these valves don’t work as they should, blood can flow back into the veins, resulting in pooling in the lower leg. This leads to to uncomfortable symptoms, eg, it may be that your legs are feeling heavy (chronic venous insufficiency legs). And these symptoms can worsen over time.

Symptoms of poor blood circulation

A range of symptoms and signs of venous disease can point to poor blood flow in the legs. If you’ve been experiencing any of the following symptoms in your legs or ankles, you should seek treatment as they can worsen over time.1,2
Heavy, painful, or swollen legs
Tired legs
Cramping or leg pain
Spider or varicose veins
looks familiar cvd

Looks familiar?

If you regularly suffer from at least one of these symptoms, start the self-assessment quiz and use your result to help guide your next steps.

Treat your symptoms early

Heavy, painful legs and swelling can be early symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency. Left untreated, these symptoms can increase in severity, leading to spider veins, varicose veins, and leg ulcers. The different stages of chronic venous disease are described as grades C0s*-C6 depending on the severity of the symptoms as shown here 1 :

Stage 0

Heavy, painful legs

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Stage 0

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The first stage, with no visible signs of venous disease. However, damage may already be starting to accumulate inside the vein. This leads to venous reflux and is why you should start treating, even if your only symptoms are heavy and painful legs.

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Stage 1

Spider/reticular veins

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Stage 1

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Ignoring initial symptoms can cause the condition to worsen, leading to broken blood vessels or “spider veins” and visible veins. They aren’t usually painful but are an important indicator of leg vein problems. It’s important not to ignore this early sign as the condition can rapidly progress.

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Stage 2

Visible varicose veins

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Stage 2

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Left untreated, stage 1 turns into stage 2 with the veins becoming unusually dilated, stretched out, and sinuous. These obvious, bulging veins on the legs and ankles are a clear sign of chronic venous insufficiency.

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Stage 3

Swelling of the ankle and leg

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Stage 3

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Edema (swelling) may appear in stage 3 caused by increased pressure and leakage as a result of further deterioration of the venous walls and valves.

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Stage 4

Skin changes

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Stage 4

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Continued poor circulation can lead to stage 4, characterized by darkening of the skin around your ankles (hyperpigmentation), redness, dryness, itchiness (venous eczema), hardening of soft tissues and the development of whitish patches.

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Stage 5

Healed ulcers

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Stage 5

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Stage 5 is defined by the presence of open but healed areas of skin called ulcers. These can be painful and affect your quality of life, making it difficult to move around.

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Stage 6

Active ulcers

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Stage 6

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If you reach stage 6, you will have open wounds called ulcers on your legs. Internally, at this stage there is more deterioration in circulation and increased leakage in the capillaries.

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Important

Only a doctor can advise you regarding your diagnosis and treatment.

*s: symptomatic

By recognizing the symptoms and taking action, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of your condition progressing and lessen the impact on your day-to-day life.

Factors affecting blood circulation

There are several key risk factors for chronic venous insufficiency, some of which may be beyond your control, but others you can take steps to modify.2

Women are typically more at risk, and a family history, as well as simply growing older can increase your chances of developing symptoms.1

Age

Gender

Heredity

Pregnancy

Height

Unbalanced diet

Lifestyle factors you can take steps to negate, such as being overweight and inactive, can also increase your risk of developing problems with your veins. Those who stand or sit as part of their occupations, such as nurses, teachers, and those in the service industry, are particularly at risk.1